Glaucoma refers to a set of diseases with the common characteristics of optic nerve pitting atrophy and visual field deficit. Damage to optic nerve and its pathway will lead to visual performance damage, and it is a clinical syndrome or eye disease mainly related to pathological increased intraocular pressure. It takes on genetic predisposition and family aggregation.

Optic neuropathy is the main pathological change, of which the causes may be mechanical press and ischemia.

Glaucoma is one of the main eye diseases causing visual loss around the world, next only to cataract. Clinically, glaucoma is classified into primary type, secondary type and developmental type.

Intraocular pressure reduction by means of drugs, laser or surgery. Glaucoma is incurable, and therapeutic measures can be taken for stopping the progression or delaying visual loss only.